Differentiate between solid and gases in term of inter molecules distances

Answer 1

The distinction between solids and gases primarily hinges on the arrangement and interaction of their molecules, particularly in terms of intermolecular distances.

Solids:

1. Intermolecular Distance: In solids, the intermolecular distances are very short. Molecules are packed closely together in a fixed and orderly arrangement, typically in a crystal lattice structure for crystalline solids.
2. Molecular Interaction: Strong intermolecular forces (such as ionic, covalent, or metallic bonds) hold the molecules in place, resulting in a rigid structure.
3. Volume and Shape: Solids have a definite shape and volume due to the fixed positions of their molecules.

Gases:

1. Intermolecular Distance: In gases, intermolecular distances are much larger compared to solids. The molecules are widely spaced apart, often by several times the size of the molecules themselves.
2. Molecular Interaction: The intermolecular forces in gases are relatively weak, allowing the molecules to move freely and independently of one another.
3. Volume and Shape: Gases do not have a definite shape or volume. They expand to fill the container they are in, owing to the large distances between the molecules and the freedom of movement.

Summary:

• Solids have very short intermolecular distances due to strong forces keeping molecules in fixed positions.
• Gases have large intermolecular distances, allowing for free movement and weak intermolecular interactions.