Question

what relationships exist among reasoning evidence and explanation
reasoning is associated directly with explanation but no evidence
evidence is used to connect the explanation and the reasoning
evidence is associated directly with explanation but not reasoning
reasoning is used to connect the evidence and the explanation

Answer 1

To understand the relationships among reasoning, evidence, and explanation, we can clarify the roles each component plays in the process of understanding and conveying information.

1. **Reasoning**: This is the process of thinking about something in a logical way in order to form a conclusion or judgment. In contexts such as scientific arguments or logical arguments, reasoning helps us understand why a certain explanation is valid or how it leads to a specific conclusion.

2. **Evidence**: This is the data, facts, or information that support a claim or explanation. Evidence provides the foundation upon which reasoning operates. It's often necessary to validate or refute ideas, claims, or hypotheses.

3. **Explanation**: This is a statement or account that clarifies or makes something understandable. Explanations connect a certain phenomenon or set of data to an underlying theory or rationale, providing an understanding of why something occurs.

Considering these definitions, we can clarify the relationships you mentioned:

1. **Reasoning is associated directly with explanation but no evidence**: This is typically not accurate. Good reasoning often requires some form of evidence to support the explanations being made.

2. **Evidence is used to connect the explanation and the reasoning**: This statement has merit; evidence provides the basis on which reasoning is applied to support an explanation. Therefore, evidence serves a crucial role in bridging these two aspects.

3. **Evidence is associated directly with explanation but not reasoning**: While evidence may support explanations directly, reasoning is usually required to interpret how evidence relates to an explanation. Therefore, this statement might be too limiting.

4. **Reasoning is used to connect the evidence and the explanation**: This is a correct assertion. Reasoning often connects evidence to an explanation, showing how the evidence supports a certain conclusion.

In summary, evidence is used to support explanations, and reasoning connects the evidence to those explanations. Thus, the most accurate relationship is that reasoning is used to connect the evidence and the explanation, and evidence is crucial to substantiating reasoning behind an explanation.