Each of these relationships reflects a correlation. Which relationship most likely reflects both correlation and causation?

Question

Doing jigsaw puzzles more often is associated with focusing intently more often.
Doing jigsaw puzzles more often is associated with doing crossword puzzles more often.
Doing jigsaw puzzles more often is associated with solving number puzzles more often.
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Answer 1

The relationship that most likely reflects both correlation and causation is:

Doing jigsaw puzzles more often is associated with focusing intently more often.

This is because engaging in jigsaw puzzles requires sustained attention and cognitive focus, which may improve one's ability to focus in general. Thus, the act of doing jigsaw puzzles can lead to enhanced focus, indicating a causal relationship in addition to correlation. The other relationships listed may show correlation, but they don't imply that one activity causes an increase in the others.