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In this unit, you have been writing an argument about a debatable issue. You have revised your argument to clarify ideas and to correct errors in grammar and spelling. Now, review it one more time, making sure it addresses both your purpose and your intended audience.

Your purpose for writing has been to persuade readers to agree with your claim and course of action. When writing an argument, your audience can vary. You may write for a single reader, such as your Learning Coach or a friend. You may write for a larger group, such as newspaper readers. You may address blog followers, or members of a student group. Whatever your audience, keeping them in mind helps guide you by reminding you to consider readers’ knowledge, opinions, and concerns about your topic.

Now, as you read over your finished draft, consider the connection between your audience and your purpose. Persuading readers to agree with your claim depends on who those readers are.

If an audience knows little about a topic, a writer needs to spend more time presenting background material.
If an audience consists of parents concerned about their children’s future, a writer needs to address how a topic affects that population.
If an audience is skeptical about a claim, a writer needs to pay particular attention to addressing counterarguments.

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To ensure your argument resonates effectively with your intended audience while fulfilling your persuasive purpose, consider the following steps as you review your draft:

  1. Identify Your Audience: Reflect on who you are addressing. Are they peers, parents, professionals, or a broader community? Understanding their perspective will help tailor your message.

  2. Provide Context: If your audience lacks familiarity with the topic, incorporate essential background information. Avoid jargon and explain key concepts clearly, so all readers can follow your argument.

  3. Highlight Relevance: Connect your topic to your audience's interests or concerns. If addressing parents, for instance, emphasize how the issue impacts children's education, health, or safety. This relevance increases personal investment in your argument.

  4. Engage with Counterarguments: If you anticipate skepticism, preemptively address potential counterarguments. Acknowledge differing views respectfully and provide reasoned responses. This not only strengthens your position but also helps build credibility with your audience.

  5. Use Persuasive Language: Tailor your language and tone to connect with your audience emotionally and logically. Consider what appeals—whether fear, hope, or values—might resonate most powerfully with them.

  6. End with a Call to Action: Clearly articulate what you want your readers to do or believe after reading your argument. Make this call accessible and actionable, guiding them on how to proceed.

After reviewing your draft with these considerations in mind, ask yourself:

  • Does my argument engage my audience effectively?
  • Have I provided sufficient background to support my claim?
  • Have I adequately addressed counterarguments?
  • Is my language tailored to resonate with my audience?
  • Have I clearly communicated the desired action or belief at the end?

By ensuring these elements are present and effectively articulated, you can enhance the likelihood of persuading your audience to agree with your position and take the desired action.

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