The Dred Scott v. Sandford case, decided in 1857, was a landmark Supreme Court decision in which the Court ruled that African Americans, whether free or enslaved, could not be American citizens and therefore had no standing to sue in federal court. The Court also declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional, stating that Congress lacked the authority to prohibit slavery in the territories. This decision intensified national divisions over slavery and contributed to the onset of the Civil War.
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