Which of these was most responsible for the fall of the Byzantine Empire?

Question

Which of these was most responsible for the fall of the Byzantine Empire?
 A. 
political reunification with the Western Roman Empire
 B. 
attacks from European Crusaders, Arabs, and Turks
 C. 
raids from Vandals, Huns, and other barbarian tribes
 D. 
earthquakes, floods, and the eruption of a volcano

GPT-4o mini · Accepted Answer

The option most responsible for the fall of the Byzantine Empire is B. attacks from European Crusaders, Arabs, and Turks.

While various factors contributed to the decline of the Byzantine Empire, including internal strife and economic difficulties, it was primarily external pressures from invading forces, such as the Crusaders during the Fourth Crusade and Muslim conquests by Arab and Turkish forces, that significantly weakened the empire. The Fall of Constantinople in 1453 to the Ottoman Turks was a decisive event that marked the end of the Byzantine Empire.