Question

How would you use classical conditioning, operant conditioning,
and observational learning to improve your academic performance? Give
one example for each type of learning.

Answer 1

I don't know how <I>you</I> would use it. However, this information might help.

<B>Observational learning</B> involves copying the behavior of esteemed models.

<B>Classical conditioning</B> is characterized by several factors.

I. The key relationship is associating <B>antecedent</B> events.

II. It originates with <B>reflexive</B> behavior. The behavior is "built in."

III. Classical conditioning is essentially a process of <B>stimulus substitution</B>. The response essentially remains the same.

IV. The response is <B>elicited</B>, since the behavior is reflexive.

<B>Operant (Instrumental) Conditioning</B> was started by Skinner and his box. In contrast to classical conditioning, operant conditioning has some specific qualities.

I. <B>Consequences</B> to responses are the key relationship.

II. Emitted responses are <B>voluntary</B> rather than reflexive.

III. <B>Response substitution</B> occurs -- unreinforced responses go to extinction, while reinforced responses become stronger. Essentially operant conditioning is <B>response contingent reinforcement</B>.