The correct identification of Hans's error is:
He did not square 9, he just multiplied by 2.
In his calculation, he incorrectly used \(9\) as \(9^2\) when he should have calculated it as \(9 \times 9\) to get \(81\). Thus, he misrepresented \(9^2\) and added it to \(40^2\). The correct equation should have been:
\(9^2 + 40^2 = c^2\)
Translating this correctly yields:
\(81 + 1600 = c^2\)
Therefore, \(c^2 = 1681\) and \(c = \sqrt{1681} = 41 \text{ cm}\).