To find out how many times \(5 \cdot 10^5\) is larger than \(1 \cdot 10^5\), you can divide the two values:
\[ \frac{5 \cdot 10^5}{1 \cdot 10^5} \]
This simplifies to:
\[ \frac{5}{1} \cdot \frac{10^5}{10^5} = 5 \cdot 1 = 5 \]
Therefore, \(5 \cdot 10^5\) is 5 times as large as \(1 \cdot 10^5\).