As a mandated reporter, you have a legal obligation to report certain situations that suggest child abuse or neglect. In the scenarios you provided:
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29-year-old woman calls and states that her boyfriend hit her across the face last week: This situation involves an adult and is not typically required to be reported as it pertains to domestic violence between adults, unless there are also children involved.
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12-year-old states their dad gets drunk and dragged her by the hair last night: This scenario involves a minor and suggests potential child abuse (physical harm). This should be reported.
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18-year-old reports that his mom once gave him a whooping with her hand when he was 12 years old: While this incident may raise concerns about appropriate discipline, it involves a person who is now an adult. Mandated reporting typically focuses on minors, so this may not need to be reported.
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14-year-old girl reports her mom yelled at her after failing her test at school: This situation does not indicate abuse or neglect and typically would not require a report.
Therefore, the 12-year-old's report about her dad should be reported as it indicates possible abuse.