Here’s how the ideas can be matched with the thinkers who would most agree with them:
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The power to rule a country is given by God alone, and the monarch should be treated as God's chosen representative.
- (Not directly associated with the thinkers listed; generally associated with absolute monarchy theorists.)
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People have rights as soon as they are born, and the government has a duty to protect these rights.
- John Locke
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When societies form governments, people give up some of their rights in exchange for law and order.
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau
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Religious wars have caused enough damage. Everyone should be allowed to practice their own religion.
- Baron de Montesquieu (He emphasized tolerance and the importance of separating church and state.)
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Tyranny is unavoidable when one person or group holds too much governmental power.
- Baron de Montesquieu (He is known for advocating the separation of powers to prevent tyranny.)
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The best way for a nation to increase wealth is to remove all barriers to trade.
- Adam Smith
If you need further clarification or information on any of the thinkers or ideas, feel free to ask!