Question

What did Deng Xiaoping not do to begin the transition of China’s economy away from central planning and toward a market-based economy?


He replaced People’s Communes with the contract responsibility system to increase farmers’ incentives to grow more crops.


He brought back Mao’s Cultural Revolution to emphasize the importance loyalty and hard work.


He gave more decision-making responsibility to factory managers in order to increase production.


He changed the focus of production to light industry to encourage people to spend more money on consumer goods.

Answer 1

Deng Xiaoping did not bring back Mao’s Cultural Revolution to emphasize the importance of loyalty and hard work. In fact, one of the key aspects of Deng's reforms was to move away from the chaotic and extreme policies of the Cultural Revolution and to promote economic modernization and stability. His policies focused on market-oriented reforms, decollectivization in agriculture, and giving more autonomy to enterprises.