To solve the equation:
\[ 12x - 4 = 2 \]
First, add 4 to both sides:
\[ 12x = 6 \]
Now, divide both sides by 12:
\[ x = \frac{6}{12} \]
Simplifying the fraction gives:
\[ x = \frac{1}{2} \]
Since we have the constraint \(x \neq 4\), and \(\frac{1}{2}\) does not violate this condition, the solution is valid.
In set notation, the solution can be expressed as:
\[ { \frac{1}{2} } \]