Question

A) Which statement best explains the differences between the democracy of the Athenian polis
and the structure of the Roman Republic? (1 point)
The senate of the Roman Republic was composed of wealthy patrician magistrates whereas the
Athenian ecclesia and Council of 500 were made up of various citizens drawn by lot from
different territories within Athens.
The Athenian polis was ruled by a monarch whereas the Roman Republic used two consuls.
The consuls of the Roman Republic dictated the agenda of the Tribal Assembly whereas the
Athenian democracy was decided by the Council of 500.
The Athenian Council of 500 was responsible for military decisions whereas the Roman Republic
did not have a specific body designated for military actions.
Answer
A) What are the similarities between the Roman Republic and Roman Empire? (1 point)
The Roman Republic and Roman Empire both utilized a consul system and a senate.
The Roman Republic and Roman Empire both utilized a senate and higher magistrate or
magistrates in the form of an emperor or consuls.
Both the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire lasted during the Pax Romana.
The consuls of the Roman Republic and the emperor of the Roman Empire ruled until they died.
Answer
A) Use the table to answer the question.
Event/System Description
First
Triumvirate
Alliance formed among Julius Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey for political
reasons to end the deadlock between the Populares and Optimates
First Civil War War between Julius Caesar and Pompey for the dictatorship of Rome
Second Civil
War
War between Antony and Octavian for what would eventually become the
Roman Empire
Which statement accurately summarizes the figures and events that led to the fall of the
Roman Republic? (1 point)
The Roman Republic fell due to the Second Triumvirate and the political struggles between the
consuls and Optimates.
The Roman Republic fell due to the first civil war and political struggles between the Populares
and plebeians.
The Roman Republic fell due to the first civil war and political struggles between the Populares
and Optimates.
The Roman Republic fell due to the second civil war and political struggles between the
Populares and Optimates.
Answer
A) Which statement summarizes how the Roman Empire formed? (1 point)
The Roman Empire formed due to the first civil war and the death of Caesar, which made
Octavian the first emperor of Rome.
The Roman Empire formed when Octavian defeated Antony at the Battle of Actium, making
Octavian the first emperor of Rome.
The Roman Empire formed due to the conflict among the First Triumvirate that made Octavian
the first emperor of Rome.
The Roman Empire formed due to the march over the Rubicon river, which made Octavian the
first emperor of Rome
Answer
A) How would you construct a timeline of significant events that led up to the formation of the
Roman Empire, listing the events in chronological order? (1 point)
Ides of March, Battle of Actium, march across the Rubicon, Sulla’s march on Rome, Gracchi
brothers’ assassinations, First Triumvirate, Second Triumvirate
Gracchi brothers’ assassinations, Sulla’s march on Rome, First Triumvirate, march across the
Rubicon, Ides of March, Second Triumvirate, Battle of Actium
march across the Rubicon, Battle of Actium, Ides of March, Sulla’s march on Rome, Gracchi
brothers’ assassinations, Second Triumvirate, First Triumvirate
Battle of Actium, Ides of March, march across the Rubicon, Second Triumvirate, First
Triumvirate, Sulla’s march on Rome, Gracchi brothers’ assassinations
Answered by GPT-4o mini
The statement that best explains the differences between the democracy of the Athenian polis and the structure of the Roman Republic is:

**"The senate of the Roman Republic was composed of wealthy patrician magistrates whereas the Athenian ecclesia and Council of 500 were made up of various citizens drawn by lot from different territories within Athens."**

This statement highlights the key distinction in the representative structures of both political systems: the exclusivity of the Roman Senate compared to the more inclusive practices of Athenian democracy.
Answered by GPT-4o mini
The statement that best describes the similarities between the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire is:

**"The Roman Republic and Roman Empire both utilized a senate and higher magistrate or magistrates in the form of an emperor or consuls."**

This statement accurately reflects the continuity of certain political structures, such as the Senate, and the presence of leadership roles, whether as consuls in the Republic or as emperors in the Empire.
Answered by GPT-4o mini
The statement that accurately summarizes the figures and events that led to the fall of the Roman Republic is:

**"The Roman Republic fell due to the first civil war and political struggles between the Populares and Optimates."**

This statement reflects the significance of the first civil war, which was a critical event in the decline of the Republic, along with the ongoing conflicts between the Populares and Optimates.
Answered by GPT-4o mini
The statement that summarizes how the Roman Empire formed is:

**"The Roman Empire formed when Octavian defeated Antony at the Battle of Actium, making Octavian the first emperor of Rome."**

This event was pivotal in the transition from the Roman Republic to the Roman Empire, as it led to Octavian (later known as Augustus) consolidating power and becoming the first emperor.
Answered by GPT-4o mini
The correct chronological order of significant events that led up to the formation of the Roman Empire is:

**Gracchi brothers’ assassinations, Sulla’s march on Rome, First Triumvirate, march across the Rubicon, Ides of March, Second Triumvirate, Battle of Actium.**

This timeline reflects the sequence of events, showing the increasing political tensions and conflicts that ultimately resulted in the establishment of the Roman Empire.