To simplify the expression \(- (x + 3) + 5x\), we will follow these steps:
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Distribute the negative sign in front of \((x + 3)\): \[ -1 \cdot (x + 3) = -x - 3 \]
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Substitute this back into the expression: \[ -x - 3 + 5x \]
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Combine like terms:
- Combine \(-x\) and \(5x\): \[ (-1 + 5)x - 3 = 4x - 3 \]
Therefore, the simplified expression is: \[ \boxed{4x - 3} \]