Write the electron configuration for the following ground state atoms and ions. strontium+2 ion; iron element; selenium -2 ion; gallium +3 ion; and tin element.
14 years ago
14 years ago
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11 months ago
To find the electron configuration of an atom or ion, we need to know the number of electrons it has.
The electron configuration represents the distribution of electrons among the energy levels and orbitals of an atom or ion. It follows a specific pattern based on the Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle, and Hund's rule.
Let's go through each of the given atoms and ions:
1. Strontium+2 ion:
Strontium (Sr) is located in period 5 of the periodic table and has an atomic number of 38, which means it has 38 electrons in its neutral state. The +2 ion indicates that strontium has lost two electrons.
To determine the electron configuration for the Sr+2 ion, we need to subtract two electrons from the neutral strontium configuration.
Neutral strontium electron configuration: 1sĀ² 2sĀ² 2pā¶ 3sĀ² 3pā¶ 4sĀ² 3dĀ¹ā° 4pā¶ 5sĀ²
After subtracting two electrons: 1sĀ² 2sĀ² 2pā¶ 3sĀ² 3pā¶ 3dĀ¹ā° 4sĀ² 4pā¶
2. Iron (Fe) element:
Iron (Fe) is located in period 4 of the periodic table and has an atomic number of 26, which means it has 26 electrons.
To find the electron configuration, we follow the Aufbau principle, which states that electrons occupy the lowest energy levels first.
Iron electron configuration: 1sĀ² 2sĀ² 2pā¶ 3sĀ² 3pā¶ 4sĀ² 3dā¶
3. Selenium-2 ion:
Selenium (Se) is located in period 4 of the periodic table and has an atomic number of 34, which means it has 34 electrons in its neutral state. The -2 ion indicates that selenium has gained two electrons.
To determine the electron configuration for the Se-2 ion, we need to add two electrons to the neutral selenium configuration.
Neutral selenium electron configuration: 1sĀ² 2sĀ² 2pā¶ 3sĀ² 3pā¶ 4sĀ² 3dĀ¹ā° 4pā“
After adding two electrons: 1sĀ² 2sĀ² 2pā¶ 3sĀ² 3pā¶ 4sĀ² 3dĀ¹ā° 4pā¶
4. Gallium+3 ion:
Gallium (Ga) is located in period 4 of the periodic table and has an atomic number of 31, which means it has 31 electrons in its neutral state. The +3 ion indicates that gallium has lost three electrons.
To determine the electron configuration for the Ga+3 ion, we need to subtract three electrons from the neutral gallium configuration.
Neutral gallium electron configuration: 1sĀ² 2sĀ² 2pā¶ 3sĀ² 3pā¶ 4sĀ² 3dĀ¹ā° 4pĀ¹
After subtracting three electrons: 1sĀ² 2sĀ² 2pā¶ 3sĀ² 3pā¶ 3dĀ¹ā°
5. Tin (Sn) element:
Tin (Sn) is located in period 5 of the periodic table and has an atomic number of 50, which means it has 50 electrons.
Tin electron configuration: 1sĀ² 2sĀ² 2pā¶ 3sĀ² 3pā¶ 4sĀ² 3dĀ¹ā° 4pā¶ 5sĀ² 4dĀ¹ā° 5pĀ²
Remember that the electron configuration represents the pattern in which electrons fill the energy levels and orbitals.