Notes on macular degeneration

- Macular degeneration is a progressive eye disease that affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp central vision.
- There are two main types of macular degeneration: dry (atrophic) and wet (neovascular).
- Dry macular degeneration is more common and usually progresses more slowly. It is characterized by the presence of yellow deposits called drusen in the macula.
- Wet macular degeneration is less common but more severe. It occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow underneath the retina, leaking fluid and blood, which can cause rapid and severe vision loss.
- The exact cause of macular degeneration is unknown, but it is thought to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
- Age is the biggest risk factor for macular degeneration, with the disease most commonly affecting individuals over 60 years old.
- Other risk factors include smoking, obesity, high blood pressure, and a family history of the disease.
- Symptoms of macular degeneration include blurred or distorted central vision, difficulty reading or recognizing faces, and seeing straight lines as wavy or crooked.
- There is no cure for macular degeneration, but treatment options are available to slow down the progression of the disease and manage symptoms.
- Treatment for dry macular degeneration often involves lifestyle changes such as incorporating a healthy diet rich in antioxidants, quitting smoking, and wearing sunglasses to protect the eyes from UV radiation.
- Treatment for wet macular degeneration may involve injections of drugs that help reduce the growth and leakage of blood vessels in the retina, as well as laser therapy to seal leaking blood vessels.
- Regular eye exams are important for early detection and intervention of macular degeneration.
- Living with macular degeneration can be challenging, but there are support groups and resources available to help individuals cope with the impact of the disease on their daily lives.