Question

An asteroid approaches Jupiter and is slung around into a new trajectory across the solar system. Which of the following is possible?

The asteroid slows down as it passes around Jupiter.

The asteroid continues out of the solar system.

The asteroid adopts an unusual orbit around the sun, such as an egg shape.

The asteroid falls into an irregular orbit around Jupiter.
Answer
Based on Kepler's observations about planetary motion, what is the relationship between a planet's orbital velocity and its distance from the sun?

The greater the distance, the slower the orbital velocity.

Distance has no effect on orbital velocity.

The greater the distance, the greater the orbital velocity.

As distance is cut in half, orbital velocity decreases.
Answer
The mass of an object doubles. What happens to the gravitational force between it and another object whose mass stays the same, assuming they remain the same distance apart?

The amount of the gravitational force decreases by one-half.

The amount of the gravitational force quadruples.

The amount of the gravitational force doubles.

The amount of the gravitational force remains the same.
Answer
Why was the geocentric model accepted for more than a thousand years?

It correctly explained the motion of the planets.

It correctly described the solar system.

It was confirmed by astronomers using telescopes.

It correctly explained the distribution of the stars.
Answer
Select the correct answer to complete the sentence. Gravitational force is said to be universal because:

it operates in one direction.

it operates only within our solar system.

it applies mainly to planets and moons.

it applies to all objects.
Answer
Which factor is not needed when calculating the velocity of a satellite orbiting a planet?

the mass of the satellite

the orbital radius of the satellite

the mass of the planet

the universal gravitational constant
Answer
Select the correct words to fill in the blanks to this sentence: As a planet draws away from the sun in its orbit, the force between the sun and the planet _________and the planet's speed _________.

increases, increases

increases, decreases

decreases, decreases

decreases, increases
Answer
Which form of Kepler’s third law can you use to relate the period T and radius r of a planet in our solar system as long as the unit year is used for the period and astronomical unit is used for the radius? ( = means proportional to in this case)

T^2=r

T=r^2

T^2=r^3

T^3=r^2
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