Question

The pKa of butanoic acid is 4.82.

1. Calculate the ratio of conjugate base to acid at the pH of 2.75

2. Calculate the ratio of conjugate base to acid at the pH of 8.36.

The first question I have 8.5146x10^-2/0.2088-8.5146x10^-2=0.69 and the second I got confused
You may be confused on the first one also.
pH = pKa + log [(base)/(acid)]
2.75 = 4.82 + log (b/a)
-2.07 = log b/a
b/a = 0.00851 is the ratio of b/a which is the first number you wrote but after the / I don't know where those numbers came from. Can you clear that up?
Then tell me where you got confused on the second one. It is done this way.
8.36 = 2.75 + log b/a
- 5.61 = log b/a
b/a = 2.45 x 10^-6

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