15. Discuss the following hypothetical pieces of research and point out the problems with the research design which prevent you from drawing the stated conclusions. In addition, suggest at least two factors other than the one mentioned in the conclusion for each study that might have produced the results. There may be more than one way to view each situation.
a. To test the effects of marijuana on driving performance, some subjects were asked to smoke one marijuana cigarette while other subjects were asked to smoke one tobacco cigarette before taking a test of driving ability. The marijuana group did more poorly on the test, and the researcher concluded that marijuana impairs driving performance.
b. Children who watch a great deal of violent television programming are themselves more aggressive and violent in their play with other children than are children who do not watch so much violent programming. Therefore, watching violent programming leads to aggressive social behavior.
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