ANSWER IS: x = multiply / = divide
38mL HNO3 X 1 L HNO3 x 2M HNO3 x 1 L Ca(OH)2 x 2M Ca(OH)2 x 1000 mL / 1000 mL/1L HNO3/..5mL Ca(OH)2/1M HNO3/1L = 304 mL Ca(OH)2
ANSWER IS: x = multiply / = divide
38mL HNO3 X 1 L HNO3 x 2M HNO3 x 1 L Ca(OH)2 x 2M Ca(OH)2 x 1000 mL / 1000 mL/1L HNO3/..5mL Ca(OH)2/1M HNO3/1L = 304 mL Ca(OH)2
38mL HNO3 X 1 L HNO3 x 2M HNO3 x 1 L Ca(OH)2 x 2M Ca(OH)2 x 1000 mL / 1000 mL/1L HNO3/..5mL Ca(OH)2/1M HNO3/1L = 304 mL Ca(OH)2
Before we start, let's break down the given information:
- 38 mL of 2M HNO3 solution
- 0.5M Ca(OH)2 solution
Now, let's set up the equation using the information given and the concept of molar ratios:
38 mL HNO3 x (1 L HNO3 / 1000 mL HNO3) x (2 mol HNO3 / 1 L HNO3) x (1 mol Ca(OH)2 / 2 mol HNO3) x (1000 mL Ca(OH)2 / 0.5 mol Ca(OH)2)
Let's break down the equation step by step to understand the calculations:
- First, we convert 38 mL of HNO3 to L by multiplying by the conversion factor (1 L HNO3 / 1000 mL HNO3). This gives us the value in liters to match the molarity unit.
- Next, we use the molarity of HNO3 (2 mol HNO3 / 1 L HNO3) to convert from HNO3 to moles of HNO3. The unit "L HNO3" cancels out, leaving us with moles.
- Then, we use the balanced chemical equation to determine the mole ratio between HNO3 and Ca(OH)2. According to the equation, 2 moles of HNO3 react with 1 mole of Ca(OH)2.
- After that, we use the molar ratio of Ca(OH)2 (1 mol Ca(OH)2 / 2 mol HNO3) to convert from moles of HNO3 to moles of Ca(OH)2. The "mol HNO3" units cancel out, leaving us with moles of Ca(OH)2.
- Finally, we convert from moles of Ca(OH)2 to mL of Ca(OH)2 using the molarity of Ca(OH)2 (1000 mL Ca(OH)2 / 0.5 mol Ca(OH)2). The unit "mol Ca(OH)2" cancels out, leaving us with mL of Ca(OH)2.
By multiplying all the values together and canceling units, we get:
38 mL HNO3 x (1 L HNO3 / 1000 mL HNO3) x (2 mol HNO3 / 1 L HNO3) x (1 mol Ca(OH)2 / 2 mol HNO3) x (1000 mL Ca(OH)2 / 0.5 mol Ca(OH)2) = 304 mL Ca(OH)2
Therefore, 304 mL of 0.5M Ca(OH)2 solution is needed to neutralize 38 mL of 2M HNO3 solution.