To calculate the minimum mass of butane that could be left over after the reaction, we need to determine the limiting reactant. The limiting reactant is the reactant that is completely consumed and determines the maximum amount of product that can be formed.
First, we need to calculate the moles of each reactant using their molar masses:
Molar mass of butane (C4H10) = (12.01 g/mol × 4) + (1.01 g/mol × 10) = 58.12 g/mol
Molar mass of oxygen (O2) = 16.00 g/mol × 2 = 32.00 g/mol
Number of moles of butane = mass of butane / molar mass of butane = 36.0 g / 58.12 g/mol
Number of moles of oxygen = mass of oxygen / molar mass of oxygen = 41.0 g / 32.00 g/mol
Next, we need to determine the mole ratio between butane and oxygen in the balanced chemical equation. From the equation:
2C4H10 + 13O2 -> 8CO2 + 10H2O
We can see that the mole ratio between butane and oxygen is 2:13.
Now, we compare the moles of butane and oxygen using the mole ratio to determine the limiting reactant.
Number of moles of butane required = (number of moles of oxygen) × (2 moles of butane / 13 moles of oxygen)
If the number of moles of butane required is greater than the number of moles of butane given, then oxygen is the limiting reactant. Otherwise, butane is the limiting reactant.
Now we can calculate the minimum mass of butane that could be left over.
If oxygen is the limiting reactant:
- Determine the maximum moles of butane that can react by using the mole ratio.
- Calculate the mass of the remaining butane by subtracting the mass of reacted butane from the initial mass.
If butane is the limiting reactant:
- All the butane will react, and there will be no remaining butane.
I'll calculate the values for you.