1.) Distinguish between material and nonmaterial culture. What aspect of a whole culture do you think is the most lasting. Explain your answer.

2.) Sometimes subcultures develop countercultural ideas. How important do you believe values and norms are in determining whether a subculture becomes a counterculture?

Can someone explain the answers to me?

4 answers

You want us to answer this, then explain our answers? I doubt if that is what your teacher desires.
Post your thoughts, and we will happily critique your thinking.
I didn't exactly ask for the answers. I just want some pointers in what I should write. I actually want to learn this..
Make a list of what you want to include in these answers.

Distinguish between material and nonmaterial culture. What are the differences?

Which of these lasts the longest? Why?

etc.
First, you have to understand what is meant by "material" and "nonmaterial" culture. I'm sure your text materials attempt to explain. You may also "google" those terms.