Debbie Clarke

Which of the following is an example of maternal effect? a. Gene imprinting b. Shell coiling c. Mitochondria d. All of these

2 years ago

Mitochondria a. Are inherited mostly from the mother. b. Are inherited mostly from the father c. Are inherited equally from the mother and father. d. Made de nova by the offspring

2 years ago

In crossing over a. Genetic exchange occurs before chromosome replication b. The probability of its occurrence decreases with increasing distance between the genes exchanged c. Occurs between two loci very close together d. The reciprocal exchange between...

2 years ago

Which of the statements below regarding X-linked inheritance of a recessive trait is FALSE? a. Heterozygous females will transmit each X- linked allele to about half of their daughters b. Males inheriting an X-linked allele have the trait c. The trait wou...

2 years ago

A maternal effect gene exist in dominant A (normal) allele and recessive a (abnormal) allele. What would be the ratios of genotypes and phenotypes for the offspring of the following crosses? a. aa female × AA male b. AA female × aa male c. Aa female × Aa...

2 years ago

Three corn seed traits are C for red, c for white ,S for plump, s for shrunken, W for normal, w for waxy. Use the data from the testcross to map the distances and order of these three loci. Show calculations and illustrate the gene map. Parents: CCssWW(Cs...

2 years ago

To which of the following does the term heteroplasmy refer? a. cells with a variable mixture of normal and abnormal organelles b. heterozygous individuals with more than one gene pair involved c. conditions in which the germ plasm is a mixture of dominant...

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A region of DNA is imprinted through: a. DNA methylation b.chromatin modification c.deletion d.mutation

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Which syndrome is due to lacking one chromosome? a.Down syndrome b.Klinefelter syndrome c.Turner's syndrome d.Edward's syndrome

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Nondisjunction during meiosis I a.occurs when homologous chromosomes do not separate c.results in 4 cells with too many or too few chromosomes c.occurs during anaphase I d.all of the above

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The diagram is an example of a.Abnormalities in chromosome structures b.Reciprocal translocation c.Nonreciprocal translocation d. Consequences of inversion

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________ genomes consist of multiple sets of chromosomes from multiple species. a.Monoploid b.Autopolyploid c.Polyploid d. Allopolyploid

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A chromosome with a very short arm and a very long arm is referred to as a.Metacentric b.Telocentric c.Acrocentric d.Sub-metacentric

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Consider this sequence A—•—B —C—D—E—F, be a DNA sequence where • is the centromere. Which of the following will be a pericentric inversion? A—•—B—D—E—F B—•—A—D—E—F D—B—•—A—E—F A—•—E—D—B—F

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In maternal effect, the individual's phenotype ___________. is determined by its genotype is determined by the mother's phenotype is determined by the father's genotype is determined by the mother's genotype

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Which of the following is not true about inversion? Inverted chromosomes are generally viable Inversion can cause chromosome breakage Two DNA strands with an inverted segment will not pair Inversion including centromere is known as pericentric

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The basic diploid chromosome number in Chrysanthemum is 18. A new species of Chrysanthemum is found that has four complete sets of the chromosomes found in the 18-chromosome species. This species is said to be Polyploid Diploid Tetraploid Both A and C

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An individual has the following reciprocal translocation: What is the name of the structure formed during meiosis, as the chromosomes attempt to synapse?

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An individual has the following reciprocal translocation: a. What would be the outcome of alternate segregation? b.What would be the outcome of adjacent-1 segregation? c.What would be the outcome of adjacent-2 segregation?

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In an East Indian mango, three genes are linked on the same chromosome. Heavy bloom is dominant to light bloom, skin that is green is dominant to skin that is yellow, and fruit with a long shape is dominant to ovate shape. A plant that is true-breeding fo...

2 years ago

You want to clone the mouse β-globin gene into an expression vector. Outline the steps you would take to insert this gene into the plasmid and how you would identify the recombinant vector. Use diagrams to show the steps and name the enzymes you would use...

2 years ago

What is extranuclear inheritance? Describe three examples. Explain the variegated phenotype in Mirabilis jalapa (four-o- clock plant) in terms of chloroplast present in the cell.

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Explain the heterozygote advantage of the sickle cell β-globin allele in areas where malaria is prevalent

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The primary advantage of sexual reproduction is: It maintains the chromosome number for the species. It is necessary to protect against the effects of natural selection. It creates diploid gametes that are clones of the parent. It enhances genetic variati...

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Which type of change in chromosome structure is most likely to be detrimental? Deletions. Inversions molecular genetics. Duplications Translocations

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Which of the following best describes the term genetic variation? Differences in inherited traits within individuals of a population. The changing of the genetic makeup of a population over time. The basic unit of heredity. The characteristics of an organ...

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The DNA sequence recognized by an endonuclease is called a(n) ____________. Ligation site Insertion site Cleavage site Restriction site None of the above

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The basic unit of heredity is called the _____________. protein trait gene enzyme nucleotide

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Which of the following methods of calculating probability is used if the order of a specific number of events occurring in the total is not important? Chi square test Binomial expansion Product rule Sum rule None of the above

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Which of the following is the most likely explanation for a high rate of crossing-over between two genes? The two genes are far apart on the same chromosome. The two genes are both located near the centromere. The two genes are sex-linked. The two genes c...

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In a Chi square test of a genetic cross there are n different phenotypic classes in the offspring. What is the value for the degrees of freedom for the test? n n - 1 n + 1 n2 None of the above

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If an organism contains two identical alleles for the same trait, it is said to be which of the following? Cross-fertilized Heterozygous Homozygous A hybrid None of the above

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A testcross is always conducted between an individual whose genotype is unknown and which of the following? A heterozygous individual A homozygous dominant individual A homozygous recessive individual Any of the above will work None of the above

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A reciprocal cross is used to determine which of the following? If a trait is autosomal or sex-linked The number of autosomal chromosomes The dominant /recessive nature of a trait The sex of the organism None of the above

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Genetic drift refers to changes in allele frequencies in a population due to _________. Stabilization. Random fluctuations. Demes. All of the above. None of the above.

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Bacteria reproduce by ___________. Mitosis Meiosis Binary fission Reductive division All of the above

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In which of the following is the male of the species the homogametic sex? X-Y system Z-W system X-O system Haplodiploid system The male is never homogametic

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What happens during the denaturation step of PCR? The DNA nucleotides are broken apart. The DNA returns to its natural form. The primers bind to the target DNA sequence. The double-stranded DNA is separated into two single DNA strands None of the above

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Which of the following statements is NOT true about genomic imprinting? It is re-established in germ cells It is established during embryogenesis It is permanent in germ cells It is maintained in somatic cells None of the above

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Coat colour in rabbits and human blood groups are both examples of ____________. multiple allele systems epistatic interactions gene dosage simple Mendelian inheritance incomplete dominance

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Which process may be used in gene mapping? Transformation Transduction Conjugation A and B B and C

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A trait that is only expressed on the sex chromosome is known as _________. temperature-sensitive alleles sex-influenced inheritance sex-linked inheritance X-linked inheritance none of the above

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Positive interference on a chromosome is best defined as: The repression of recombination during mitosis. The inhibition of one crossover event by a previous crossover in the region. The statistical determination of linkage The rate of recombination betwe...

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Single-stranded unpaired DNA extensions formed by endonucleases upon cleavage are known as _______________. Sticky ends. Blunt ends Flush ends. Cut ends Dead ends.

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When testing for linkage using a chi-square analysis, what should be the hypothesis? That the traits are linked. That the traits are assorting independently. That each trait is located near the centromere. That all mutations produce the same phenotype. Th...

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The synaptonemal complex is formed during ____________. Leptotene Prophase II Telophase I Prophase I None of the above

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One map unit is equal to which of the following? 100 nucleotides 1% of the chromosome 1% mutation rate 1% recombination rate None of the above

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In which of the following do the bacteria have to be in physical contact for gene transfer to occur? Transduction Transformation Lysogenic cycle Complementation Conjugation

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The transfer of genetic material between two different species is called __________. vertical gene transfer horizontal gene transfer conjugation sexual reproduction All of the above

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What two mechanisms are responsible for the development of Trisomy 21? Translocation and duplication Inversion and nondisjunction Duplication and nondisjunction Inversion and duplication Translocation and nondisjunction

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Embryonic stem cells (ESC) are ______________. totipotent multipotent unipotent pluripotent none of the above

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A human XXXY cell would contain how many Barr bodies? 0 1 2 3 4

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mtDNA and cpDNA is associated with the study of _________ inheritance. extranuclear epigenetic Mendelian Darwinian Nuclear

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What are the expected phenotypic ratios from the following cross: Tt Rr YY Aa × Tt rr Yy Aa, where T = tall, t = dwarf, R = round, r = wrinkled, Y = yellow, y = green, A = axial, a = terminal; T, R, Y, and A are dominant alleles. (Note: multiplication met...

2 years ago

In corn, purple kernels (D) are dominant over yellow (d) and smooth kernels (G) are dominant over shrunken (g). and ear of corn has 381 kernels. The data for a dihybrid cross are below: 216 purple, smooth 79 purple, shrunken 65 yellow, smooth 21 yellow, s...

2 years ago

In humans, the allele for brown eye color (B) is dominant to blue eye color (b). If two heterozygous parents produce seven children, what are the following probabilities? The first three children have blue eyes. The first four children have brown eyes, th...

2 years ago

In the chinchilla, albino coat color is a recessive trait. Researchers transplanted ovaries from an albino female chinchilla into a true-breeding black chinchilla. They then mated this black chinchilla female (with the transplanted ovaries) to an albino m...

2 years ago

Describe the subdivisions of prophase of meiosis I. Give named and diagrammed examples for the structures that may be present in each

2 years ago

What is the name of the parent compound for the glycerol-based phospholipids?

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To which part of the glycerol- based phospholipid are the different head groups attached?

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What is the head group found in cardiolipin?

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What is the significance of the glycerol backbone in the glycerophosphalipids?

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Name two head group found in glycerophosphalipids

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What are the three components of a nucleotide

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What are cyclic nucleotides?

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What are nucleic acids?

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Define DNA and RNA and give two differences between them?

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Give the base pairs found in DNA?

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What are the major minerals? Give one source

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What are trace elements? Give one source

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Give the result of a deficiency of one mineral

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Chose a vitamin. Outline the structure, source , function and deficiency associated with this vitamin

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Describe the gene and chromosomes mutation that can occurs in DNA

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RNA polymerase I may be found in the ____________________. Nucleolus Nucleoplasm Cytoplasm All of the above

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Vitamin D helps in the absorption of which of the following elements? Iodine and Calcium Iron and Iodine Calcium and Iron Calcium and Magnesium

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The AUG start codon codes for which of the following amino acids? Methionine Valine Phenylalanine Glycine

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Which site of tRNA molecule hydrogen bonds to a mRNA molecule. Codon Anticodon 5’ ends of the tRNA molecule 3’ ends of the tRNA molecule

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Which of the following statements is true? The fully demethylated head of a-tocopherol increases its activity. The fully demethylated head of a-tocopherol decreases its activity . The fully methylated head of a-tocopherol increases its activity . The full...

2 years ago

Kinases are enzymes that ____________________. Transfer phosphate groups to macromolecules Remove phosphate groups from macromolecules Rearrange phosphate molecules in macromolecules None of the above

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Most colour-blindness is sex-linked because of which of the following? The presence of pigment genes on the X-chromosome The absence of green pigment in 5% of males The absorption of light between red and green wavelength in hybrid genes None of the above

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__________________ is a trace element? Calcium Magnesium Chloride Manganese

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Which of the following enzymes separates the two strands of DNA during replication? Gyrase Topoisomerase Helicase DNA polymerase

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Phospho-regulation functions in which process? Apoptosis Signal transduction Growth and cell cycle progression All of the above

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Deficiency of which of the following vitamins causes slow blood coagulation? Vitamin B Vitamin K Vitamin C Vitamin D

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During replication, Okazaki fragments elongate _____________________. Leading strand towards the replication fork Lagging strand towards the replication fork Leading strand away the replication fork Lagging strand away the replication fork

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Waxes are ____________________. Esters of long-chain alcohols with long-chain fatty acids Ethers of long-chain alcohols with long-chain fatty acids Esters with acetate at the C-2 position of the glycerol Ethers with acetate at the C-2 position of the glyc...

2 years ago

Which of the following minerals may be found in nuts? Chromium Magnesium Copper All of the above

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Which of the following results from the action of phospholipase A on phosphatidic acid? Diacylglycerol Inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate Plasmalogen Arachidonic acid

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The template DNA chain for RNA synthesis has the following order of bases, AGCTTCGAT. What will be the order of bases in the resulting mRNA molecule? TCGAAGCTA UGCUAGCTA TCGAUCGUA UCGAAGCUA

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Symptoms of scurvy include which of the following? Gingivitis Muscle weakness Joint aches All of the above

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Fatty fish, like salmon, and nuts are foods that increase the blood levels of LDL. True False

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Polyploidy in plants is considered as “good mutations” by agricultural breeders because: They have extra sets of chromosomes. They are often larger and stronger than diploid organisms. They grow too fast to accumulate mutations None of the above

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The phospholipid effectively forms lipid bilayers and vesicles because of which of the following? The association of the hydrocarbon tails with each other and the polar heads with the aqueous environment. The association of the hydrocarbons with the aqueo...

2 years ago

The resulting neural tube and brain defects from which of the following vitamins makes it especially important in prenatal care? Ascorbic acid Retinol Folic acid Tocopherols

2 years ago