The correct option is that the Zhou rulers claimed that they had won the Mandate of Heaven because they were victorious over the Shang dynasty. This concept was key to legitimizing their rule, as they argued that the Shang had lost the Mandate due to their moral failings, and the Zhou were thus chosen by Heaven to rule.
Zhou rulers claimed that they had won the Mandate of Heaven because they
brought the warring states period to an end
were victorious over the Shang dynasty
were chosen as rulers by Shang priests
served the intrests of powerful warlords
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