To convert the decimal 0.5 to a fraction, we can recognize that 0.5 means "5 tenths" because it has one digit after the decimal point. This can be represented as:
\[ 0.5 = \frac{5}{10} \]
Next, we simplify the fraction \( \frac{5}{10} \) by finding the greatest common divisor (GCD) of 5 and 10, which is 5. We divide both the numerator and the denominator by their GCD:
\[ \frac{5 \div 5}{10 \div 5} = \frac{1}{2} \]
Thus, the simplified fraction for 0.5 is:
\[ \boxed{\frac{1}{2}} \]
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