The Bhagavad Gita is important to Hinduism primarily for the following reasons:
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Key Hindu Beliefs: The Bhagavad Gita encapsulates fundamental concepts of Hindu philosophy, spirituality, and ethics. It addresses essential beliefs such as the nature of the self (Atman), the concept of God (Brahman), and the importance of devotion (Bhakti).
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Ideas of Dharma: One of the central themes of the Gita is the concept of dharma, or duty. It emphasizes the importance of performing one's duty according to one's role in society while remaining detached from the results of actions. This has significant implications for ethical behavior and moral responsibility in Hinduism.
While it does not primarily contain the history of the Indo-Aryans or the ideas of various gurus, it is a crucial text for understanding the philosophical and religious underpinnings of Hindu thought and practice. Thus, among your listed options, it contains the key Hindu beliefs and it contains their ideas of dharma are the most accurate reasons for its importance in Hinduism.