Why is it important for a formal argument to include evidence as well as reasons?

Question

Reasons make no sense without evidence to put them in perspective.

Evidence backs up the writer’s reasoning with facts.

Evidence explains the importance of the writer’s reasons.

Reasons explain the writer’s purpose but don’t back up the claim.

Answer 1

All of the provided statements capture important aspects of why evidence is essential in a formal argument. However, the most comprehensive explanation aligns most closely with the second statement:

"Evidence backs up the writer’s reasoning with facts."

This is crucial because reasons alone may be subjective or based on opinions; providing evidence gives credibility and weight to the argument. It allows the writer to substantiate their claims, making the argument more persuasive and convincing to the audience. Without evidence, the reasons may be seen as mere assertions without a solid foundation, potentially undermining the effectiveness of the argument.

The other statements add valuable perspectives, but focusing on how evidence supports reasoning offers a clear rationale for its necessity in formal arguments.