The most accurate answer to why the British government taxed the colonists is:
b. The British government wanted to pay for the war debt from the French and Indian War.
After the French and Indian War, Britain faced significant war debts and sought ways to raise revenue. They believed that since the colonies had benefited from the war by gaining protection and territory, it was reasonable for them to contribute through taxes. This led to various taxes imposed on the colonists, including the Stamp Act and the Townshend Acts, which ultimately fueled discontent and resistance among the colonial population.