For Question 1, the most accurate response would be:
He wanted his subjects to be able to read the Quran.
Islamic rulers often sought to increase literacy to ensure that their subjects could read and understand the Quran, as literacy was important for religious practices and education.
For Question 2, the best response would be:
Muslim traditions were often adapted to better suit these societies and their native customs.
In many cases, Islam was integrated into existing belief systems, leading to a blending of practices rather than a complete rejection or replacement of native customs.