- Chinese officials considered European traders to be smugglers because they often engaged in illegal trading activities, such as smuggling banned goods into China.
- Kublai Khan changed China's government by establishing the Yuan dynasty, which implemented a centralized bureaucracy and promoted cultural exchange between China and other parts of the Mongol empire.
- Under the Yuan dynasty, the Mongols had the higher social status compared to the Han Chinese.
- Genghis Khan's expansion of the Mongol empire was primarily attributed to his military prowess, strategic leadership, and ability to unite various Mongol tribes and conquer neighboring territories.
- Ming emperors tried to erase Mongol influence on China by restoring Chinese customs and traditions, promoting Confucianism, and banning the use of the Mongolian language.
• Why did Chinese officials consider European traders to be smugglers?
• How did Kublai Khan change China’s government?
• Which of the following groups had the higher social status under the Yuan dynasty?
• What factor contributed to Genghis Khan’s expansion of the Mongol empire?
• How did Ming emperors try to erase Mongol influence on China? Give two ways.
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