Why did 40% of the human population evolve to tolerate lactose?(1 point)

Question

Responses

Within cultures that rely on milk-producing animals, individuals who tolerated lactose had a survival advantage.
Within cultures that rely on milk-producing animals, individuals who tolerated lactose had a survival advantage.

Babies rely on milk to survive, so they need to be able to tolerate lactose.
Babies rely on milk to survive, so they need to be able to tolerate lactose.

Lactose tolerance allows people to enjoy a wide variety of food, including milk, butter, ice cream, and cheese.
Lactose tolerance allows people to enjoy a wide variety of food, including milk, butter, ice cream, and cheese.

People who have an intolerance experience physical pain, so a tolerance evolved to avoid that.
People who have an intolerance experience physical pain, so a tolerance evolved to avoid that.

Answer 1

The correct response is:

Within cultures that rely on milk-producing animals, individuals who tolerated lactose had a survival advantage.

This adaptive trait evolved in certain populations due to the benefits of being able to digest milk from domesticated animals, which provided a valuable source of nutrition and hydration, especially in environments where other food sources were scarce.

Answer 2

What is the difference between genetic drift and natural selection?(1 point)
Responses

Genetic drift is the change in a population’s genes over time; natural selection is the evolution of a population over time.
Genetic drift is the change in a population’s genes over time; natural selection is the evolution of a population over time.

Genetic drift is the frequency of genes in a population; natural selection is the frequency of adaptations in a population.
Genetic drift is the frequency of genes in a population; natural selection is the frequency of adaptations in a population.

Genetic drift is the selection of random traits in a population; natural selection is the selection of specific traits.
Genetic drift is the selection of random traits in a population; natural selection is the selection of specific traits.

Genetic drift is the random increase or decrease of certain genes in a population; natural selection is not random.

Answer 3

The correct response is:

Genetic drift is the random increase or decrease of certain genes in a population; natural selection is not random.

Genetic drift refers to random changes in gene frequencies within a population, often due to chance events, while natural selection involves the differential survival and reproduction of individuals based on their traits that confer advantages in a given environment.

Answer 4

What is an interferon?(1 point)
Responses

An interferon disrupts DNA replication.
An interferon disrupts DNA replication.

An interferon is used by a virus to stop the body from detecting it.
An interferon is used by a virus to stop the body from detecting it.

An interferon activates the body’s immune system response to a virus.
An interferon activates the body’s immune system response to a virus.

An interferon reduces the efficacy of antibiotics on bacteria.
An interferon reduces the efficacy of antibiotics on bacteria.

Answer 5

The correct response is:

An interferon activates the body’s immune system response to a virus.

Interferons are signaling proteins released by host cells in response to the presence of viruses and other pathogens. They play a crucial role in the immune response by activating immune cells and enhancing the ability of the body to fight off infections.

Answer 6

Why is there such a wide variety of immune system responses between hosts when they are infected with the same virus?(1 point)
Responses

People that have already been infected are asymptomatic.
People that have already been infected are asymptomatic.

Each person’s immune system employs different tactics to get rid of the virus.
Each person’s immune system employs different tactics to get rid of the virus.

Slight variations due to mutations in the virus trigger different responses in people.
Slight variations due to mutations in the virus trigger different responses in people.

Some viruses are resistant to antibiotics, so they cause a stronger immune system response.

Answer 7

The correct response is:

Each person’s immune system employs different tactics to get rid of the virus.

The variation in immune system responses among individuals can be attributed to genetic differences, environmental factors, prior exposures to pathogens, and the overall health of the immune system. These factors influence how each person responds to the same viral infection.

Answer 8

Is the following statement true? “Antigenic drift and other mutations to the DNA of viruses are always beneficial for the virus.”(1 point)
Responses

No, because different mutations cause a variety of immune responses.
No, because different mutations cause a variety of immune responses.

Yes, because mutated viruses have less mRNA so they can copy and replicate faster.
Yes, because mutated viruses have less mRNA so they can copy and replicate faster.

No, because mutated viruses may be less likely to replicate.
No, because mutated viruses may be less likely to replicate.

Yes, because mutated viruses are able to infect more hosts.

Answer 9

The correct response is:

No, because mutated viruses may be less likely to replicate.

While some mutations can be beneficial for a virus, allowing it to evade the immune system or infect hosts more effectively, not all mutations are advantageous. Many mutations can be neutral or detrimental, potentially impairing the virus's ability to replicate or spread.