Here’s how the excerpts from the passage can be categorized:
Claim (effect):
- "The likelihood of yawning increases sixfold"
- "yawn contagion"
Reason (cause):
- "seeing someone else yawn"
- "a phenomenon of social mirroring, where organisms imitate the actions of others"
This breakdown shows that the claims describe the effects of yawning being contagious, while the reasons provide possible explanations for why it happens.