why and how did the U.S. buy Alaska

Answer 1

The U.S. purchased Alaska from Russia in 1867 for several strategic, economic, and diplomatic reasons. Here's a breakdown of why and how this acquisition took place:

Reasons for the Purchase:

1. Strategic Expansion: The acquisition of Alaska was seen as a way to expand U.S. territory and influence in North America. It was part of a broader trend of westward expansion.

2. Economic Interests: Alaska was believed to have abundant natural resources, including fur, fish, lumber, and minerals. The potential for natural resource exploitation was a significant factor in the decision to purchase.

3. Russian Weakness: By the 1860s, Russia was experiencing difficulties, including the aftermath of the Crimean War and the threat of British expansion in North America. Selling Alaska allowed Russia to reduce its presence in North America and strengthen its own borders.

4. Manifest Destiny: The prevailing idea of Manifest Destiny, which held that the U.S. was destined to expand across the continent, fueled interest in acquiring new territories, including Alaska.

5. Diplomatic Relations: Purchasing Alaska helped to improve relations between the United States and Russia. The acquisition was seen as a gesture of goodwill and partnership.

The Purchase Process:

1. Negotiations: Negotiations for the purchase began in earnest in early 1867. Secretary of State William H. Seward was a prominent advocate for the acquisition, viewing it as a great opportunity for the United States.

2. Treaty of Cession: The U.S. and Russia reached an agreement, and the Treaty of Cession was signed on March 30, 1867. The terms stipulated that the U.S. would pay $7.2 million, which is roughly two cents per acre.

3. Ratification: The treaty faced some opposition in the U.S. Senate, with critics dubbing the purchase "Seward's Folly" or "Seward's Icebox," questioning the value of the territory. However, it was ratified on October 18, 1867, and the formal transfer took place at that time.

4. Public Perception: Over time, the acquisition came to be seen as a significant and advantageous addition to the United States, especially after the discovery of gold and other resources in the region.

Overall, the purchase of Alaska was a landmark moment in U.S. history, contributing to the country's expansion and resource wealth, and setting the stage for future developments in the region.