The creation of a Children’s Bureau in the United States was supported by various individuals and organizations advocating for child welfare in the early 20th century. One of the key figures in this effort was Julia Lathrop, who became the first chief of the Children's Bureau when it was established in 1912. Lathrop and her colleagues, including social reformers and professionals in child care and welfare, emphasized the need for federal attention to issues affecting children.
The Progressive Era, during which the Children’s Bureau was created, saw widespread support from reformers, women’s groups, and public health advocates who recognized the poor conditions many children faced. The establishment was also aided by the broader movement for social reform, which included the push for better labor laws, public health, and education for children.
The Children’s Bureau focused on improving child welfare by collecting data, conducting research, and promoting policies to support the health, education, and overall well-being of children across the country.