Hawaii was ruled by a series of monarchs from the Kingdom of Hawaii, which was established in 1795. The most notable rulers include:
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Kamehameha I (Kamehameha the Great): He united the Hawaiian Islands and became the first king of Hawaii in 1810. He is a significant figure in Hawaiian history.
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Kamehameha II (Liholiho): He succeeded his father in 1819 and reigned until his death in 1824. His rule marked the end of the traditional kapu system (religious laws).
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Kamehameha III (Kauikeaouli): He ruled from 1825 to 1854 and was known for establishing the first constitution and for promoting education and land reform.
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Kamehameha IV (Alexander Liholiho) and Kamehameha V (Lot Kapuāiwa): They led from 1854 to 1864 and 1864 to 1872, respectively, and both made efforts to modernize the kingdom.
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Queen Liliʻuokalani: The last monarch of Hawaii, she ruled from 1891 until her overthrow in 1893. Her reign was marked by her efforts to restore the powers of the monarchy, which culminated in her attempt to enact a new constitution.
Hawaii was then annexed by the United States in 1898 and became a U.S. territory in 1900, later achieving statehood in 1959.