Who came up with the geocentric model of the solar system?(1 point) Responses Ptolemy Ptolemy Newton Newton Brahe Brahe Copernicus Copernicus Question 2 2. How was the heliocentric model of the solar system an improvement on the geocentric model?(1 point) Responses The heliocentric model correctly showed the sun at the center of the solar system. The heliocentric model correctly showed the sun at the center of the solar system. The heliocentric model showed the whole galaxy. The heliocentric model showed the whole galaxy. The heliocentric model was created using computers. The heliocentric model was created using computers. The heliocentric model correctly showed how many moons all planets had. The heliocentric model correctly showed how many moons all planets had. Question 3 3. What does it mean to say that objects in our solar system have eccentric orbits?(1 point) Responses Their orbits are slightly oval-shaped rather than a perfect circle. Their orbits are slightly oval-shaped rather than a perfect circle. That their orbits cannot be tracked. That their orbits cannot be tracked. Their orbits all have the same radius. Their orbits all have the same radius. They all move at the same speed. They all move at the same speed. Question 4 4. Which astronomer's model is shown in the picture below? (1 point) Responses Newton Newton Ptolemy Ptolemy Kepler Kepler Copernicus Copernicus Question 5 5. Which of the following things was shown in the heliocentric model, but was incorrect based on what we know now?(1 point) Responses It showed the Earth as the largest planet in the solar system. It showed the Earth as the largest planet in the solar system. It showed that there were no stars. It showed that there were no stars. It showed the orbit of planets in perfect circles. It showed the orbit of planets in perfect circles. It showed Jupiter at the center of the solar system. It showed Jupiter at the center of the solar system. Question 6 6. Although it was incorrect, why was Ptolemy’s model still useful to astronomers for years to come?(1 point) Responses It was able to predict the positions of the planets for any given hour and day. It was able to predict the positions of the planets for any given hour and day. It was used to determine the speed of earth rotation. It was used to determine the speed of earth rotation. It showed the path of a planet's orbit. It showed the path of a planet's orbit. Question 7 7. Which of the following statements BEST sums up what unit four was about?(1 point) Responses Satellites would not be able to exist without the work of Ptolemy. Satellites would not be able to exist without the work of Ptolemy. The contributions of several astronomers over several centuries lead us to our current understanding of our solar system. The contributions of several astronomers over several centuries lead us to our current understanding of our solar system. The work of the astronomers discussed in this unit describes why the universe as a whole exists. The work of the astronomers discussed in this unit describes why the universe as a whole exists. We couldn't learn anything about space until we were able to travel there in the 1900s. We couldn't learn anything about space until we were able to travel there in the 1900s. Question 8 8. Drag and drop the correct contribution on orbital motion to each scientist. (3 points) Put responses in the correct input to answer the question. Select a response, navigate to the desired input and insert the response. Responses can be selected and inserted using the space bar, enter key, left mouse button or touchpad. Responses can also be moved by dragging with a mouse. ARISTOTLE PTOLEMY COPERNICUS Question 9 9. Which best describes the orbit of a planet?(1 point) Responses Elliptical Elliptical Circular Circular Spiral Spiral Question 10 10. What does the speed of an object in orbit depend upon?(1 point) Responses Energy of object in orbit Energy of object in orbit Mass and shape of object in orbit Mass and shape of object in orbit Distance from central body and mass of central body Distance from central body and mass of central body Question 11 11. What would happen to the force between Earth and the sun if the mass of the sun tripled?(1 point) Responses The force would be tripled The force would be tripled The force would decrease The force would decrease The force would stay the same The force would stay the same Question 12 12. What happens to the acceleration of an object as the mass of an object increases?(1 point) Responses Decreases Decreases Increases Increases Stays the same Stays the same Question 13 13. When would the force of gravity between two objects grow stronger?(1 point) Responses When the objects get closer to each other When the objects get closer to each other When the objects get further away from each other When the objects get further away from each other When the objects speed up When the objects speed up When the objects slow down When the objects slow down Question 14 14. What force pulls planets into a curved path when they are orbiting the sun?(1 point) Responses Acceleration Acceleration Gravity Gravity Centripetal force Centripetal force Mass

Answer 1

Here are the answers to your questions:

1. Who came up with the geocentric model of the solar system?
   Response: Ptolemy

2. How was the heliocentric model of the solar system an improvement on the geocentric model?
   Response: The heliocentric model correctly showed the sun at the center of the solar system.

3. What does it mean to say that objects in our solar system have eccentric orbits?
   Response: Their orbits are slightly oval-shaped rather than a perfect circle.

4. Which astronomer's model is shown in the picture below?
   Response: (This question requires the picture to answer correctly; assuming a common model) If it's the heliocentric model, the answer would be Copernicus; if it's geocentric, then it would be Ptolemy.

5. Which of the following things was shown in the heliocentric model, but was incorrect based on what we know now?
   Response: It showed the orbit of planets in perfect circles.

6. Although it was incorrect, why was Ptolemy’s model still useful to astronomers for years to come?
   Response: It was able to predict the positions of the planets for any given hour and day.

7. Which of the following statements BEST sums up what unit four was about?
   Response: The contributions of several astronomers over several centuries led us to our current understanding of our solar system.

8. Drag and drop the correct contribution on orbital motion to each scientist.
   Responses:

   • ARISTOTLE: Believed in a geocentric model, but contributed to the understanding of motion.
   • PTOLEMY: Developed a geocentric model with epicycles to explain planetary motion.
   • COPERNICUS: Proposed the heliocentric model, changing the understanding of our solar system.

9. Which best describes the orbit of a planet?
   Response: Elliptical

10. What does the speed of an object in orbit depend upon?
    Response: Distance from central body and mass of central body

11. What would happen to the force between Earth and the sun if the mass of the sun tripled?
    Response: The force would be tripled.

12. What happens to the acceleration of an object as the mass of an object increases?
    Response: Decreases (assuming the force applied remains constant, according to F=ma).

13. When would the force of gravity between two objects grow stronger?
    Response: When the objects get closer to each other.

14. What force pulls planets into a curved path when they are orbiting the sun?
    Response: Gravity

Feel free to ask if you need any further clarifications or information!