While mutation is random, natural selection is not. Choose the statements that are correct below. Be sure to select ALL that are true.(1 point)

Question

Responses

selection can change depending on the environment
selection can change depending on the environment

mutations for advantageous traits are more likely to be passed on to the next generation
mutations for advantageous traits are more likely to be passed on to the next generation

natural selection favors some mutations and not others
natural selection favors some mutations and not others

mutations are not caused by changes in DNA

Answer 1

The correct statements regarding mutation and natural selection are:

1. Selection can change depending on the environment.
2. Mutations for advantageous traits are more likely to be passed on to the next generation.
3. Natural selection favors some mutations and not others.

The statement "mutations are not caused by changes in DNA" is incorrect, as mutations are fundamentally changes in the DNA sequence.

Answer 2

Your friend states, The giraffe stretched its neck while reaching for high leaves; as a result, its offspring inherited longer necks". Which is the best response to this misconception?

(Giraffe)Giraffe - Wikipedia

(1 point)
Responses

characteristics acquired during an organism's life are not passed on through genes to its offspring
characteristics acquired during an organism's life are not passed on through genes to its offspring

only beneficial adaptations have survival value
only beneficial adaptations have survival value

high numbers of offspring leads to a struggle for survival
high numbers of offspring leads to a struggle for survival

not using an organ may lead to its eventual disappearance

Answer 3

The best response to the misconception is:

"Characteristics acquired during an organism's life are not passed on through genes to its offspring."

This statement addresses the misunderstanding about inheritance and emphasizes that traits acquired during an individual's lifetime (like a giraffe's neck stretching) do not affect the genetic traits passed on to future generations. This principle is a key point in understanding evolution and inheritance.

Answer 4

What is the relationship between fitness and adaptation?(1 point)
Responses

Adaptation is interchangeable with the term fitness.
Adaptation is interchangeable with the term fitness.

Fitness refers to an organism’s ability to adapt.
Fitness refers to an organism’s ability to adapt.

Adaptation refers to an organism’s degree of fitness.
Adaptation refers to an organism’s degree of fitness.

An adaptation is a trait that improves an organism’s fitness.

Answer 5

The correct response is:

"An adaptation is a trait that improves an organism’s fitness."

This statement accurately reflects the relationship between adaptation and fitness in the context of evolution. Adaptations are specific traits that enhance an organism's chances of survival and reproduction, thereby increasing its fitness in a given environment.

Answer 6

In the genetics of sickle cell anemia people may have two normal hemoglobin alleles (HH), they may be heterozygous and have one normal allele and one mutant hemoglobin allele (HS) or they may be homozygous for two sickle cell mutant alleles (SS). People who are homozygous (SS) living in areas with with poor medical access are more likely to die before having children. What will happen to the allele percentages over generations due to natural selection.(1 point)
Responses

The percentage of S alleles will decrease
The percentage of S alleles will decrease

The percentages of H and S alleles will remain the same
The percentages of H and S alleles will remain the same

The percentage of H and S alleles will decrease
The percentage of H and S alleles will decrease

The percentage of H alleles will decrease

Answer 7

The correct response is:

"The percentage of S alleles will decrease."

Since individuals who are homozygous for the sickle cell allele (SS) are more likely to die before having children in areas with poor medical access, the frequency of the S allele in the population will decrease over generations as those individuals are less likely to pass on that allele.

Answer 8

The larvae of the common sulphur butterfly can be light green or bright yellow. Birds prey on the larvae, which are found on the green leaves of alfalfa plants. Based on the theory of natural selection, which of the following would scientists expect to observe in populations of common sulphur butterfly larvae?

(1 point)
Responses

The percentage of green larvae in the population is much greater than the percentage of yellow larvae.
The percentage of green larvae in the population is much greater than the percentage of yellow larvae.

All the green larvae develop yellow stripes before metamorphosis.
All the green larvae develop yellow stripes before metamorphosis.

All the yellow larvae and none of the green larvae are eaten by birds.
All the yellow larvae and none of the green larvae are eaten by birds.

The percentages of green larvae and yellow larvae in the population remain equal for many generations.

Answer 9

The correct response is:

"The percentage of green larvae in the population is much greater than the percentage of yellow larvae."

This is expected based on the theory of natural selection, as green larvae would be better camouflaged against the green leaves of the alfalfa plants, making them less visible to predators (birds). As a result, the green larvae are likely to have higher survival rates, leading to a greater percentage of green larvae in the population over time.

Answer 10

The creosote bush grows in the deserts of the southwestern United States. A common trait of the plant is its ability to produce poisons that keep predators and competing plants away. This trait became common because, compared with individual plants lacking poisons, individual plants with poisons were better able to do which of the following?

(1 point)
Responses

store water in their stems
store water in their stems

survive and reproduce
survive and reproduce

store nectar and pollen
store nectar and pollen

interbreed with other species

Answer 11

The correct response is:

"Survive and reproduce."

The ability of the creosote bush to produce poisons that deter predators and competing plants provides a survival advantage. Plants with this trait are better able to survive in their environment and therefore have a higher likelihood of reproducing and passing on that beneficial trait to the next generation.