The phrase "the island of Manhattan" does not primarily employ figurative language; it is a literal description of a geographical location. However, if we were to consider it in a broader context, it could be viewed as a metaphorical reference to the experiences, culture, or life associated with that specific place. If that were the intent, then it would lean more towards metaphor.
In terms of the options provided:
- Metaphor: If "the island of Manhattan" symbolizes something beyond just the physical location.
- Simile: This would involve a comparison using "like" or "as," which isn't present here.
- Personification: This involves giving human qualities to non-human things, which does not apply here.
- Hyperbole: This is an exaggeration for emphasis or effect, which also doesn't apply.
Overall, the best fit, if we are looking for figurative language in a context where "the island of Manhattan" might symbolize broader concepts, would be metaphor. But in the strictest sense, it's a literal phrase.