Air masses that form over an ocean are called "maritime air masses." They are characterized by being moist due to the evaporation of water from the ocean surface. Depending on the temperature of the ocean, maritime air masses can be classified further into:
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Maritime Tropical (mT): These form over warm ocean waters and are typically warm and humid. They can influence weather patterns by bringing warm, moist air, often leading to precipitation.
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Maritime Polar (mP): These form over colder ocean waters and are generally cool and moist. They can bring cloudy conditions and precipitation, especially in coastal areas.
In contrast, air masses that form over land are known as "continental air masses," which tend to be drier.