The two characteristics of GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation) are:
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GRE encapsulation uses a protocol-type field in the GRE header to support the encapsulation of any OSI Layer 3 protocol.
This characteristic highlights GRE's flexibility in allowing various Layer 3 protocols to be encapsulated. -
The GRE header, together with the tunneling IP header, creates at least 24 bytes of additional overhead for tunneled packets.
This reflects the overhead introduced by both the GRE header and the IP header when packets are encapsulated in GRE.
The other options are incorrect as GRE is a stateless protocol and does not include built-in security mechanisms on its own.