The statement that is FALSE is:
B) state laws and customs upheld the constitutional amendments
During the era of Reconstruction, many state laws and customs, particularly in Southern states, actively undermined and circumvented the constitutional amendments, including the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments. This included the establishment of Black Codes, Jim Crow laws, and other discriminatory practices that restricted the rights of African Americans, despite the constitutional protections that had been put in place.