Which statement is the first step of protein synthesis?(1 point)

Question

Responses

A ribosome attaches to the mRNA.
A ribosome attaches to the mRNA.

DNA unzips between the base pairs.
DNA unzips between the base pairs.

tRNA carries amino acids to the ribosome and attaches them to the mRNA strand.
tRNA carries amino acids to the ribosome and attaches them to the mRNA strand.

Amino acids are linked together with peptide bonds.

Answer 1

The first step of protein synthesis is:

DNA unzips between the base pairs.

This occurs during transcription, where the DNA strands separate to allow the formation of mRNA. After this step, the mRNA will then attach to the ribosome, and the subsequent steps will follow.

Answer 2

Which statement is true?(1 point)
Responses

tRNA is attached to specific proteins in the cell’s cytoplasm.
tRNA is attached to specific proteins in the cell’s cytoplasm.

Amino acids do not need to be assembled in a particular order.
Amino acids do not need to be assembled in a particular order.

Amino acids form a polypeptide chain via carbon-carbon bonds.
Amino acids form a polypeptide chain via carbon-carbon bonds.

The human body uses 20 amino acids to form all types of proteins.

Answer 3

The true statement is:

The human body uses 20 amino acids to form all types of proteins.

This is correct because there are 20 standard amino acids that are the building blocks of proteins in the human body.

Answer 4

Which statement about cystic fibrosis is true?(1 point)
Responses

Carriers have an advantage over people who do not have the cystic fibrosis mutation.
Carriers have an advantage over people who do not have the cystic fibrosis mutation.

Cystic fibrosis affects a person’s ability to make normal red blood cells.
Cystic fibrosis affects a person’s ability to make normal red blood cells.

Cystic fibrosis is caused by a deletion of one codon in the DNA molecule.
Cystic fibrosis is caused by a deletion of one codon in the DNA molecule.

Cystic fibrosis is caused by a mutation in which a dominant allele replaces a recessive allele.

Answer 5

The true statement about cystic fibrosis is:

Carriers have an advantage over people who do not have the cystic fibrosis mutation.

This is because carriers (people who have one copy of the mutated gene but do not have the disease) may have some advantages in certain environments, such as being more resistant to certain types of bacterial infections, like those caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, which is associated with cholera.

Answer 6

What benefit does using the CRISPR technique have in creating GMOs?(1 point)
Responses

Diversity within species can continue to increase through crossbreeding.
Diversity within species can continue to increase through crossbreeding.

Precise traits can be chosen to produce viable organisms more quickly.
Precise traits can be chosen to produce viable organisms more quickly.

It eliminates all risk of mutation.
It eliminates all risk of mutation.

CRISPR can result in infertile hybrids.

Answer 7

The correct benefit of using the CRISPR technique in creating GMOs is:

Precise traits can be chosen to produce viable organisms more quickly.

CRISPR allows for targeted editing of specific genes, enabling scientists to introduce desired traits or modify undesirable ones efficiently and accurately, leading to the quicker development of genetically modified organisms.

Answer 8

What is the phenotype of a mouse that has the genotype Bb where B is the gene for black fur and b is the gene for brown fur assuming this gene follows a Mendelian inheritance pattern?(1 point)
Responses

fur with yellow hairs
fur with yellow hairs

fur with brown hairs
fur with brown hairs

fur with black hairs
fur with black hairs

fur with both black and brown hairs
fur with both black and brown hairs

Answer 9

The phenotype of a mouse that has the genotype Bb, where B is the gene for black fur and b is the gene for brown fur (assuming this gene follows a Mendelian inheritance pattern) is:

fur with black hairs.

In this case, B (black fur) is the dominant allele, and b (brown fur) is the recessive allele. Therefore, since the mouse has at least one dominant allele (B), it will display the black fur phenotype.

Answer 10

A tall, heterozygous pea plant is crossed with another tall, heterozygous pea plant. What is the probability that an offspring will be a short plant?(1 point)
Responses

0%
0%

50%
50%

25%
25%

75%

Answer 11

To determine the probability that an offspring from a cross between two tall, heterozygous pea plants (genotype Tt) will be short (tt), we can use a Punnett square.

Here are the possible combinations from crossing Tt (tall) with Tt (tall):

• TT (tall)
• Tt (tall)
• Tt (tall)
• tt (short)

The offspring genotypes would be:

• 1 TT (25%)
• 2 Tt (50%)
• 1 tt (25%)

So, the probability that an offspring will be a short plant (tt) is:

25%.