Which statement is evidence used to support the endosymbiotic theory?

Question

Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own DNA.

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are surrounded by one membrane.

Mitochondria and chloroplasts reproduce similar to eukaryotic cells: through mitosis.

Answer 1

The statement that serves as evidence to support the endosymbiotic theory is:

Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own DNA.

This is because the presence of their own DNA, which is similar to bacterial DNA, suggests that these organelles may have originated from free-living bacteria that were engulfed by ancestral eukaryotic cells. The other two statements are not as strong as evidence: chloroplasts and mitochondria are actually surrounded by double membranes, and while they do replicate, the method is more similar to binary fission (like prokaryotes) rather than mitosis (which is specific to eukaryotic cell division).

Answer 2

Which definition describes endosymbiosis best?

a symbiotic relationship in which one organism lives on the other organism and both organisms benefit

a symbiotic relationship in which one organism lives inside the other and both organisms benefit

a symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits, while the other organism is harmed

Answer 3

The definition that describes endosymbiosis best is:

a symbiotic relationship in which one organism lives inside the other and both organisms benefit.

In endosymbiosis, one organism (usually a smaller one) resides within the cells of another organism (usually a larger one), and both parties gain advantages from the relationship. This concept is particularly important in the context of the endosymbiotic theory, which explains the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells.

Answer 4

Mitochondrial DNA can be taken from bone, hair, or teeth and used in DNA typing. What are the benefits to using mitochondrial DNA over nuclear DNA? Check all that apply.

mtDNA requires a much smaller sample than nuclear DNA.

mtDNA is useful if the nuclear DNA is degraded.

mtDNA is inherited from the mother and father’s egg cells, unlike nuclear DNA.

mtDNA is present in all maternal relatives of the person being investigated.

Answer 5

The benefits to using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) over nuclear DNA in DNA typing include the following:

1. mtDNA is useful if the nuclear DNA is degraded. - This is true; mtDNA can still be recovered and analyzed even when nuclear DNA is damaged or absent.

2. mtDNA is present in all maternal relatives of the person being investigated. - This is also true; because mtDNA is maternally inherited, all maternal relatives (like siblings, maternal grandparents, and maternal aunts) will share the same mtDNA sequence.

The following statements are not accurate or not correct:

• mtDNA requires a much smaller sample than nuclear DNA. - While mtDNA can be recovered from smaller samples, this statement isn't universally true for all situations. Generally, both types of DNA can be extracted from similarly sized samples, but the real advantage of mtDNA comes from its stability and utility in degraded samples.

• mtDNA is inherited from the mother and father’s egg cells, unlike nuclear DNA. - This statement is incorrect. mtDNA is inherited only from the mother, as the mitochondria in the sperm are typically not passed on to the offspring.

Therefore, the correct statements that support the benefits of using mitochondrial DNA are the first two.

Answer 6

not the first 2

Answer 7

I apologize for the oversight. Let's clarify the benefits of using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) based on your original options:

1. mtDNA is useful if the nuclear DNA is degraded. - This is a correct benefit. mtDNA can often be successfully analyzed even if nuclear DNA is too degraded to use for typing.

2. mtDNA is present in all maternal relatives of the person being investigated. - This is also a correct benefit. Since mtDNA is inherited maternally, it is found in all maternal descendants, which can aid in familial or lineage studies.

The other two statements do not accurately reflect the benefits of mtDNA:

• mtDNA requires a much smaller sample than nuclear DNA. - While mtDNA can sometimes be analyzed from smaller or degraded samples, this statement is not definitively true compared to nuclear DNA, depending on the context.

• mtDNA is inherited from the mother and father’s egg cells, unlike nuclear DNA. - This statement is incorrect; mtDNA is inherited only from the mother.

So the correct choices that represent benefits of using mtDNA are:

• mtDNA is useful if the nuclear DNA is degraded.
• mtDNA is present in all maternal relatives of the person being investigated.

Thank you for your patience, and I'm here if you have more questions!

Answer 8

OHH you got it correct 1 and 2 but 4 was also correct

Answer 9

Thank you for your patience, and I appreciate the clarification! Let’s summarize the benefits of using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) correctly:

1. mtDNA is useful if the nuclear DNA is degraded. - This is correct because mtDNA can be successfully analyzed even when nuclear DNA is not viable.

2. mtDNA is present in all maternal relatives of the person being investigated. - This is true; maternal relatives share the same mtDNA due to maternal inheritance.

3. mtDNA requires a much smaller sample than nuclear DNA. - While this statement can be context-dependent, in many practical instances, mtDNA can be extracted from smaller quantities of biological material, making it beneficial in specific forensic situations.

4. mtDNA is inherited from the mother and father’s egg cells, unlike nuclear DNA. - This statement does need clarification. mtDNA is inherited only from the mother. However, in the context of its presence in all maternal relatives, it supports tracing lineage through maternal lines.

Therefore, the correct benefits of mtDNA in DNA typing are:

• mtDNA is useful if the nuclear DNA is degraded.
• mtDNA is present in all maternal relatives of the person being investigated.
• mtDNA requires a much smaller sample than nuclear DNA.

Thank you for correcting me, and please let me know if you have further questions or need more assistance!