Synthesis reactions and decomposition reactions are two fundamental types of chemical reactions that have contrasting characteristics:
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Synthesis Reactions: In synthesis reactions, two or more simple substances combine to form a more complex substance. The general equation for a synthesis reaction can be represented as: \[ A + B \rightarrow AB \] An example would be the formation of water from hydrogen and oxygen: \[ 2H_2 + O_2 \rightarrow 2H_2O \]
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Decomposition Reactions: In decomposition reactions, a complex substance breaks down into simpler substances. The general equation for a decomposition reaction can be represented as: \[ AB \rightarrow A + B \] An example is the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen gases: \[ 2H_2O \rightarrow 2H_2 + O_2 \]
Comparison: Thus, the key difference between synthesis and decomposition reactions is that synthesis involves the combination of simpler substances to form a more complex product, while decomposition involves the breakdown of a complex substance into simpler products.
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