The statement that best describes the types of bonds shown in the diagram is:
a covalent bond; the hydrogen atom’s single electron is being shared with the chlorine atom.
In a hydrogen chloride (HCl) molecule, hydrogen (H) has one electron, and chlorine (Cl) has seven valence electrons. When they form a bond, they share one electron from hydrogen with one of chlorine's electrons, resulting in a covalent bond.