The best statement that describes the process that creates barrier islands is that they are formed primarily through the action of ocean currents, waves, and sediment deposition, not directly from the options listed. However, if I were to choose from your provided responses, none accurately describe the formation of barrier islands as they are generally the result of natural processes such as sedimentation from waves and currents rather than wind, chemical weathering, glaciers, or frost wedging.
If you're looking for a simplified explanation in the context of your options, one could argue that the most relevant process is related to sediment transport, akin to the effects of wind in coastal areas, but note that this isn't a perfect match. Would you like further clarification or information?