The correct statement is:
Priests and priestesses were closer to the pharaoh in ancient Egypt.
In ancient Egypt, priests and priestesses held significant power and were often considered close to the pharaoh, who was seen as a divine figure. This was contrasted with Mesopotamia, where the social hierarchy was different, and while priests were important, they did not typically have the same level of proximity to rulers as in Egypt. The other statements about slaves, scribes, and merchants do not accurately reflect the social structures of these civilizations.