Which statement accurately compares the social structures of Egypt and Mesopotamia?

Answer 1

Both Egypt and Mesopotamia had complex social structures, but there were some key differences. In Egypt, the social structure was more rigid and hierarchical, with social status determined by birthright and occupation. The society was centered around a pharaoh who held absolute power and was considered a god on earth. Below the pharaoh was a ruling class comprised of nobles, priests, and government officials, followed by a middle class of scribes and craftsmen, and finally a lower class of farmers, laborers, and slaves.

In Mesopotamia, the social structure was also hierarchical but less rigid. While there were ruling elites and nobles, power was not as centralized as in Egypt. Mesopotamian society was organized into city-states, each with its own ruler. Social status was not solely determined by birthright, as individuals could rise through the ranks based on their skills and achievements. The middle class was comprised of merchants, artisans, and farmers, while the lower class consisted of laborers and slaves.

Overall, the social structures in both Egypt and Mesopotamia were hierarchical, but Egypt had a more centralized power structure and a stronger emphasis on birthright, while Mesopotamia had a more diverse and less rigid social hierarchy.