Which statement about correlation and causation is true?(1 point)

Question

Responses

A correlation is never a causation.
A correlation is never a causation.

A correlation is more difficult to establish than a causation.
A correlation is more difficult to establish than a causation.

Correlation always implies causation.
Correlation always implies causation.

Correlation sometimes indicates causation.

Answer 1

The correct statement is:

Correlation sometimes indicates causation.

This means that while correlation can suggest a potential causal relationship, it does not definitively prove it. There are other factors and considerations that need to be taken into account to determine causation.

Answer 2

Use the scenario to answer the question.

Scientists have found a new fossil that is similar to Archaeopteryx. It is only the second fossil of its kind. It shows an animal that had a long-feathered tail and small teeth, like non-avian dinosaurs. But the animal also had flight feathers and wings, like modern birds. The fossil also shows a fused clavicle bone, which confirms the relationship between birds and dinosaurs because these are the only two groups with this characteristic.

What is true about this scenario?

(1 point)
Responses

It shows evidence of climate change.
It shows evidence of climate change.

It confirms that birds are descendents of all non-avian dinosaurs.
It confirms that birds are descendents of all non-avian dinosaurs.

It shows evidence of evolution.
It shows evidence of evolution.

It disproves connections between birds and dinosaurs.

Answer 3

The correct statement about the scenario is:

It shows evidence of evolution.

The discovery of a fossil that has features of both non-avian dinosaurs and modern birds provides evidence of evolutionary connections and the transition between these groups.

Answer 4

For many years, scientists believed that red pandas were more closely related to giant pandas than any other species. Which piece of evidence below, if true, would be the strongest support for the hypothesis that red pandas are actually more closely related to racoons?(1 point)
Responses

Red pandas and racoons were found to live in similar ecosystems and use similar resources.
Red pandas and racoons were found to live in similar ecosystems and use similar resources.

A fossil was discovered that shows similar features to both red pandas and racoons.
A fossil was discovered that shows similar features to both red pandas and racoons.

Embryo studies show that red pandas and racoons develop a heart in a similar manner.
Embryo studies show that red pandas and racoons develop a heart in a similar manner.

DNA analysis shows that red pandas are more similar to racoons than giant pandas.
DNA analysis shows that red pandas are more similar to racoons than giant pandas.

Answer 5

The piece of evidence that would be the strongest support for the hypothesis that red pandas are actually more closely related to raccoons is:

DNA analysis shows that red pandas are more similar to raccoons than giant pandas.

This is the strongest evidence because genetic analysis provides direct insights into the evolutionary relationships among species based on their DNA, making it a more definitive form of evidence compared to ecological similarities or fossil morphology.

Answer 6

During a mass extinction event, a vast number of species die off during a relatively short geological time. This can be seen in fossil layers found in sedimentary rock.

The following table shows data about the types of fossils found in certain sedimentary rock layers from the surface down to the lowest rock layer (Rock Layer E):

Rock Layer Fossils Found
Surface None
A A1, A2, B2, B3
B B1, B2, B3
C C1, C2, D2, E2, E3
D D1, D2, E2, E3
E E1, E2, E3
Examine the fossils found in each layer. Based on this fossil record data, between which two rock layers does there appear to have been a mass extinction event?

(1 point)
Responses

B and C
B and C

D and E
D and E

C and D
C and D

A and B

Answer 7

Based on the fossil record data provided, there appears to have been a mass extinction event between the rock layers:

B and C.

This conclusion is drawn from the fact that Rock Layer B contains fossils B1, B2, and B3, while Rock Layer C shows a significantly different set of fossils (C1, C2, D2, E2, E3) and includes D and E fossils, indicating a shift in the types of organisms present. The absence of fossils consistently present in Layer B from Layer C suggests a mass extinction event occurred between these two layers.

Answer 8

Which statement is true about DNA?(1 point)
Responses

DNA cannot provide evidence of evolution.
DNA cannot provide evidence of evolution.

DNA sequences can be encoded to create an infinite amount of amino acids.
DNA sequences can be encoded to create an infinite amount of amino acids.

DNA sequences can be analyzed to discover common ancestors.
DNA sequences can be analyzed to discover common ancestors.

DNA cannot be analyzed in extinct organisms.
DNA cannot be analyzed in extinct organisms.

Answer 9

The true statement about DNA is:

DNA sequences can be analyzed to discover common ancestors.

This reflects the ability of scientists to study DNA from living organisms (and sometimes from preserved remains of extinct organisms) to infer evolutionary relationships and trace ancestry.